Placing organisations in context part 1- internal environment, micro environment

To review the enterprise strategies ,not only should evaluate the enterprise’s current mission, target, strategy  and policy ,but also need to analyze the enterprise environment, to make sure in this point have the pivotal strategy elements. Enterprise environment include external environment and internal environment . The external environment exist in external organization ,usually enterprise senior managements can not control. The internal environment exist in internal organization , usually enterprise senior management could control ,and include the enterprise of organization structure ,culture ,resources specifically.External environment is include political environment outside the enterprise ,social environment, technical environment, economic environment ,act. 

 The development of a enterprise ‘s external environment ,the main competition performance in resource exploitation ,base installations, technological level and legal environment . Here are two features of external environment : the external environment have uniqueness ,and the external environment have variability . External environment as a restrict power,with the mutual function and impact of enterprise formed it’s features. External environment have complexity, the enterprise analyze the external environment should consider the total level of environment factors. In order to the enterprise’s strategy could adapt the features of environment , The enterprise should recognize the degree of turbulence or the stability of external environment .The internal environment is the basic of the internal enterprise’s control, it include the structure of govern ,organization structuring ,distribution of rights ,internal audit , the policy of human resource and enterprise culture. The internal environment is the exist of internal control and the development’s space ,is the soil of the enterprise internal control exist .Control environment is the key factor to decide whether the other factors of control could express benefit function. The board of directors is the core of a enterprise internal control system, is the effective mechanism of restrain the operator behaviors. The structure of organization is to help enterprise to govern more convenience. It indicate the parts of internal environment’s sort order ,contact way and mutual relation . Enterprise should use a written form to explicit , accredit and divide the specific ways of duties to strengthen the whole organization ‘s awareness of control .  

management models through the years

    This week  we learned  the basic management models and theories associated with motivation and leadership. The professional knowledge include the classical management theory, fundamental management priciples ,system theory ,theory of bureaucracy and human relations theory ,etc .And our teacher focused on some well-known early writers on management :Fredrick Winslow Taylor ,Henri Fayol, Max weber ,Henry ford .Fredrick Winslow Taylor :He was in the scientific management school ,his emphases were on efficiency and productivity but he ignored many of human aspects of employment.For the managers ,scientific management required them to set up a suitable organization to take all responsibility from the workers except that of the actual job performance, select and train the workers ,cooperate with them. For the workers scientific management required them to ,give up their idea of wasting and cooperate with the management in developing science .The benefits from this kind of management can be summarized :It enabled employees to be paid by results and to take advantage of incentive payments ,it stimulated management into adopting a more positive role in leadership at shop floor level ,while the scientific management technique has been employed to increase productivity and efficiency both in private and public services ,it has also had the disadvantages of ignoring many of the human aspects of employment . About Fayol gave much of the basic terminology and concepts , which would be elaborated upon by future researchers .such as division of labour . The disadvantage is absence of attention to issues such as individual general interest and equity suggest that Fayol saw the employer as paternalistic and by definition working in the employee’s interest .Theory of Bureaucracy is the rational-legal authority from that exists in most organisations today and this is the form to which Weber ascribed the term “bureaucracy” .The advantage of this model is  appointment ,promotion and authority were dependent on technical competence and reinforced by written rules and rules and procedures of promoting those most able to manage rather than those favoured to manage.

·       The human relations theory where classical theorists were concerned with structure and mechanics of organisations ,the theorists ,the theorists of human relations were understandably ,concerned with the human factors ,the focus of human relations theory is on motivation ,group motivation and leadership . The process of motivation involves choosing between alternative forms of actn in order to achieve some desired end or goal.

It highlighted need for supervisors to be sensitive and cater for social needs of workers within the group .